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The North Acropolis of the ancient Maya city of Tikal in Guatemala is an architectural complex that served as a royal necropolis and was a centre for funerary activity for over 1300 years. The acropolis is located near the centre of the city and is one of the most studied of Maya architectural complexes. Excavations were carried out from 1957 to 1969 by the University of Pennsylvania, directed by Edwin M. Shook and William Coe.〔Martin and Grube 2000, p. 43.〕 The first traces of human activity at the site date to approximately 800 BC, with the first structures being built about 350 BC. Around 250 AD the complex underwent a major redevelopment with the construction of a massive basal platform that supported a cluster of temples; this was followed around AD 450 by the addition of a row of four pyramids on a terrace to the south of the main platform. A number of royal tombs have been excavated that have been identified with named kings, including the tombs of Yax Nuun Ayiin I (ruled AD 379- c. 404), Siyaj Chan K'awiil II (ruled 411-456), Wak Chan K'awiil (ruled 537-562) and "Animal Skull" (ruled c. 593-638).〔Martin and Grube 2000, pp. 32, 34, 38-40.〕 An early tomb in the North Acropolis has been tentatively identified as that of the dynastic founder Yax Ehb' Xook (ruled c. 90).〔 A large number of stone monuments were placed in the North Acropolis. By the 9th century AD these included 43 stelae and 30 altars; 18 of these monuments were sculpted with hieroglyphic texts and royal portraits. A number of these monuments show the influence of the great city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico. ==Development== The earliest traces of working of the limestone bedrock under the basal platform of the acropolis date to about 800 BC, consisting of deep cuts into the rock associated with refuse from domestic and ceremonial activity.〔Loten 2003, p. 233.〕 The first structures in what became the North Acropolis were built around 350 BC, towards the end of the Middle Preclassic period (c. 1000-300 BC).〔Martin and Grube 2000, p. 43. Coe 1999, p. 10.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「North Acropolis, Tikal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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